2nd Semester Study Guide

Chapter 9
1. What was the goal of Stalin’s 5-Year Plan?
2. What is Fascism? Who started it?
3. What is Communism? What characterizes a communist country?
4. Who was Benito Musolini? How did he gain power?
5. Why did people accept Hitler’s Nazi party?
6. What was Hitler’s goal?
7. What was Lenin’s New Economic Policy?
8. What caused the Great Depression?
9. What is a totalitarian state?
Define: Dawes Plan
Blackshirts
Aryan
Inflation

Chapter 10
10. Where was Chiang Kai-Shek from? What policies did he implement to improve his country?
11. Who was Mao Zedong? What group did he head? What did he do to protect his people?
12. What was the Balfour Declaration? Why was it important?
13. What changes did Shah Palavi make in Persia?
14. Who did the Ottoman Turks massacre? Why?
15. What type of resistance did Gandhi practice? In what ways did he encourage his followers to protest British laws?
16. What area did Japan invade? Why?

Chapter 11
17. What is appeasement? Why did Great Britain and other countries decide to try it?
18. How did World War Two start?
19. How was Hitler able to take control of Germany? What role did the Enabling Act play?
20. What is trench warfare?
21. Why is WWII considered a total war?
22. What new type of battle did Hitler use? What plan of attack did he develop to defeat his European enemies?
23. Why did Hitler use submarines? What did that accomplish? What was the result of the battle in the Atlantic?
24. What was the turning point in the Pacific? In Europe? What happened in each battle?
25. What was accomplished at the Potsdam and Yalta conferences? What did Churchill, Roosevelt, and Truman want?
26. How did Hitler’s anti-Semetic beliefs become the policy of Germany? What laws were passed to discriminate against the Jewish people in Germany?
27. What role did the Einsatzgruppen play? What was the Final Solution?
28. What happened to Germany as a result of the war?

Chapter 12
29. What was the Marshall Plan?
30. What Was the Truman Doctrine?
31. How did World War II lead to the spread of communism?
32. What was the Iron Curtain? Who created it?
33. Why did the Berlin Wall go up? What problems did post-WWII Germany face?
34. What was the Cold War?
35. What was the US’s policy towards communism?
36. What is détente? What ended the period of détente between the U.S. and the USSR?
37. What was the Bay of Pigs?
38. What was the Official Languages Act? Why was it passed?

Chapter 13
39. Who was Lech Walesa? What did he do for his country?
40. Who was Nicolae Ceausescu?
41. Which communist country was not tied to the Soviet Union?
42. Why was there conflict in Kosovo?
43. What happened in Bosnia?

Chapter 22
44. What is collectivization?
45. What was Mexico’s only political party for 100 years? How did other groups get a say in the government.
46. What were Latin America’s economic problems?
47. What general trends could be seen in Latin America after WWII?
48. What kind of government did Nicaragua have? Who controlled the country, and why were they challenged?
49. What was the Falkland Island war?
50. What is the Shining Path? What was its goal?

Chapter 23
51. What changes occurred in Iran?
52. When was Israel created? What problems has it faced?
53. What were the causes of the Iran-Iraq conflict?
54. What caused economic problems in Africa?
55. What was the Six-Day War? What happened as a result?
56. What is Pan-Africanism?
57. What were the Camp David Accords? What did they accomplish?
58. Describe the Suez Crisis.
59. What caused the great diversity in language and culture in many African countries?

Essays
1. How have WWII and the Holocaust affected the modern world? Provide at least 3 examples from specific countries and groups.
2. How did advances in technology and thought change the way wars were fought between WWI and WWII?
4. Why has there been longstanding conflict in Israel? How have the problems between Palestinians and Israelis developed since Israel’s creation?
5. What were the three major conflicts of the Cold War? Describe each and explain how it contributed to the continuation of the Cold War.