After WWII, Europe received billions in aid which they used to rebuild their countries and improve the economy, until it was better than it had been
France – Leader: Charles de Gaulle
-Fourth Republic – weak, no strong party to run it.
-Fifth Republic – replaced the weak 4th, with a new constitution, president / prime minister model.
-de Gaulle tried to make France into a world power, building nuclear weapons and increasing industrialization
West Germany – Leader: Konrad Adenauer
-the country had an “economic miracle” – great economy, almost no unemployment
-guest workers were brought in from Italy, Spain, Turkey, Greece, and Yugoslavia to work because there weren’t enough German workers
Great Britain – loses its place as a world power
-England had major debt
-the government tried to set up a welfare state = government is responsible for social services and providing a minimum standard of living
-gov’t controlled health care, unemployment, social security
-the money they needed to do this wasn’t there, so they had to give up their colonies to get the money they needed.
Unity in Europe: European Economic Community – created by the Rome Treaty; a free trade area (these countries didn’t charge each other import costs)
-Encouraged to trade with each other, improved the economy
The United States –
-after WWII, the country was very prosperous (had lots of money)
the threat of communism was everywhere – people worried that communists were everywhere, even in the US
-Red Scare – created by Joe McCarthy; targeted alleged communists and communist supporters
*1960’s – leader: Kennedy – assassinated
*Johnson – fought for improved federal aid for education and social security and civil rights
*Martin Luther King led the call for changes in civil rights for African Americans
*Civil Rights Act – ended segregation
*Voting Act – gave African Americans the right to vote
France – Leader: Charles de Gaulle
-Fourth Republic – weak, no strong party to run it.
-Fifth Republic – replaced the weak 4th, with a new constitution, president / prime minister model.
-de Gaulle tried to make France into a world power, building nuclear weapons and increasing industrialization
West Germany – Leader: Konrad Adenauer
-the country had an “economic miracle” – great economy, almost no unemployment
-guest workers were brought in from Italy, Spain, Turkey, Greece, and Yugoslavia to work because there weren’t enough German workers
Great Britain – loses its place as a world power
-England had major debt
-the government tried to set up a welfare state = government is responsible for social services and providing a minimum standard of living
-gov’t controlled health care, unemployment, social security
-the money they needed to do this wasn’t there, so they had to give up their colonies to get the money they needed.
Unity in Europe: European Economic Community – created by the Rome Treaty; a free trade area (these countries didn’t charge each other import costs)
-Encouraged to trade with each other, improved the economy
The United States –
-after WWII, the country was very prosperous (had lots of money)
the threat of communism was everywhere – people worried that communists were everywhere, even in the US
-Red Scare – created by Joe McCarthy; targeted alleged communists and communist supporters
*1960’s – leader: Kennedy – assassinated
*Johnson – fought for improved federal aid for education and social security and civil rights
*Martin Luther King led the call for changes in civil rights for African Americans*Civil Rights Act – ended segregation
*Voting Act – gave African Americans the right to vote
Social Upheval – race riots took place in Watts, and over 100 cities after the assassination of MLK
- anti war protests took place during Vietnam, especially on college campuses (Kent State – 4 killed)
Canada - made money from exports and industry, joined NATO
-Liberal Party set up social security and health care plans
NEW SOCIETY
-workers made more money, and there was an increase in wages, so people had more money to spend on goods
-consumer society - a society focused on buying stuff
- tv's, cars. vacuum cleaners, washing machines - all gained popularity and were available to almost everyone
Changing roles for women-during the war, women had gotten jobs, and then lost them when the men came back.
by the 60's, women entered the workforce again, but were paid much less
women's liberation movement- (feminism) a movement to seek equal treatment for women
by the 60's, women entered the workforce again, but were paid much less
women's liberation movement- (feminism) a movement to seek equal treatment for women
-the growing role of students
-during the 1960's, students (especially those in college) found a voice, and showed their unhappiness with certain events through protests and revolts
-this happened in both the USA and Europe
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